Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Effects of Strontium-Doped β-Tricalcium Scaffold on Longitudinal Nuclear Factor-Kappa Beta and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Promoter Activities during Healing in a Murine Critical-Size Bone Defect Model

doi: 10.3390/ijms21093208

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relative protein expression of Osterix in the scaffold. ( a ) The images represent sections that have been immunohistochemically stained against Osterix (Osx) in the vicinity of newly formed tissue in the scaffold (red square) in both the β-TCP (left) and β-TCP + Sr (right) groups. Green arrows indicate Osx-positive cells shown up by red staining. ( b ) The ratio of Osx-positive to total cells in the β-TCP group was significantly higher than in the β-TCP + Sr group (n ≥ 3; p value is given as p ≤ 0.05. Asterisks indicate statistical differences within the groups).

Article Snippet: Afterwards, sections were incubated for 24 h at 4 °C with primary antibodies against Osterix (Osx, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Heidelberg, Germany; Cat# Sc22536-R; 1:250 in 1.5% BSA in TBS).

Techniques: Expressing, Staining

Journal: JCI Insight

Article Title: Sclerostin inhibition alleviates breast cancer–induced bone metastases and muscle weakness

doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.125543

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A and B) Microcomputed tomography (μCT) analysis of bone mass (BV/TV, bone volume/total volume) of the femur (A) and tibia (B) of cancer-bearing mice treated with vehicle (n = 8) or anti-sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab; n = 8). (C) Von Kossa/van Gieson staining of proximal tibiae and fluorescence double labeling (insets) from healthy mice and cancer-bearing mice treated with vehicle or Scl-Ab. Scale bars: 1 mm (black) and 50 μm (white). (D) Histomorphometric analysis of bone mass (BV/TV, bone volume/tissue volume) of the proximal tibia (healthy nontreated n = 5, vehicle-treated n = 10, Scl-Ab–treated n = 10; cancer-bearing vehicle-treated n = 8, cancer-bearing Scl-Ab–treated n = 8). (E) Analysis of bone formation rate (BFR/BS, bone formation rate/bone surface) of the proximal tibia. (F) Von Kossa/van Gieson staining (2 left panels) of the proximal tibia of mice with bone metastases and calcein double labeling (2 right panels) at the bone-cancer interface. Scale bars: 50 μm. (G) BFR/BS at the bone-cancer interface (vehicle n = 6, Scl-Ab n = 3). (H) Immunohistochemical staining of osterix in the distal femur of cancer-bearing mice treated with vehicle or Scl-Ab. Scale bar: 50 μm. (I) Histomorphometric analysis of the distal femur (N.Ob/BS, number of osteoblasts per bone surface; Ob.S/BS, osteoblast surface per bone surface) (vehicle n = 6, Scl-Ab n = 3). (J) Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining of the distal femur of cancer-bearing mice treated with vehicle or Scl-Ab. Scale bar: 50 μm. (K) Quantification of osteoclasts per bone surface (N.Oc/BS) and of the osteoclast surface per bone surface (Oc.S/BS) (vehicle n = 8, Scl-Ab n = 8). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Two-tailed Student’s t test was used to compare 2 groups (A, B, G, I, and K), and ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc analysis was used to compare 3 or more groups (D and E); *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Sections were cut, and immunohistochemical staining was performed using an anti-Osterix antibody (rabbit polyclonal; Santa Cruz Biotechnology).

Techniques: Tomography, Staining, Fluorescence, Labeling, Immunohistochemical staining, Two Tailed Test